The Dream Deferred By Langston Hughes - 1020 Words

â€Å"Dream Deferred,† is a poem written by Langston Hughes discussing what may become of a dream that is put off, delayed, or postponed by external influences. Throughout the poem, Hughes uses questions about concrete things in everyday life and compares them to the ignored dreams. Langston Hughes isn’t referring to the dreams we have when we go to sleep at night, he’s referring to an aspiration or a desire. â€Å"Does it dry up Like a raisin in the sun?† (Hughes 970) The vision of his dream is vanishing like a plump, juicy grape would in the sun. The grape dries and shrivels up to become a raisin, just like his dream has done. The life of the dreamer is steadily fading and they lose their vitality because of the long delayed dream. A dream that has been put off for so long almost becomes unrecognizable to oneself. â€Å"Or fester like a sore— And then run?† (Hughes 970) Although Hughes asks rhetorical questions throughout his poem, there is a meaning behind every line. Fester means to become worse or more intense, especially through long-term neglect or indifference. When your dream keeps being ignored, you grow some type of resentment and it worsens. This â€Å"sore† will not heal, but it will continue to become more intense and â€Å"run.† â€Å"Does it stink like rotten meat?† (Hughes 970) As a result of the hindrance, the dream now rots. Eventually the wound that didn’t heal will smell like rotten meat. The â€Å"stink† may imply how Hughes is feeling, knowing that the dream has been deferred forShow MoreRelatedA Dream Deferred By Langston Hughes990 Words   |  4 PagesThe poem â€Å"A Dream Deferred† by Langston Hughes; is about what occurs to the dream when you postpone them, instead of going for it and make it come true. Many people in this world has a dream or some sort of goal that they would like to accomplish. Although most of us would love to follow our dreams, sometimes we just cannot do it due to the struggles that we would have to face. This poem is based on a guy who is going through a difficult time and what would happen to his dream if he puts it on holdRead MoreA Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes1736 Words   |  7 Pages All Langston Hughes ever wanted was for people to have their dreams accomplished and the motivation to bring change forward. However, Hughes’s dreams almost came tumbling down for speaking out in one of his poems. In 1940, Hughes had been investigated by the FBI following the release of his poem â€Å"Goodbye Christ†. Numerous accusations had arisen, stating Hughes â€Å"†¦[was a] member of the Communist Party, [ran] for public office, called for a race war, married a white woman, and studied CommunismRead MoreDreams In Dreams And Dreams Deferred By Langston Hughes915 Words   |  4 PagesIn two of Langston Hughes’ poems, he sorts out a multitude of analogies and diction to draw in the audience to better understand his perspective of dreams. When the poet begins the poems, â€Å"Dreams† and â€Å"Dreams Deferred,† he speaks of an emptiness and an ageing of dreams. Hughes’ allusions in repetition, strands, binary opposites, and anomalies can represent his overall portrayal of a li fe without dreams is unstable and that dreams become the person, making it impossible to run from. The pattern ofRead MoreAn Analysis of Dreams Deferred by Langston Hughes685 Words   |  3 PagesImportance of Achieving Dreams It is true that people often dream widely and unrealistically. But some people dream about basic human rights such as dignity, freedom, liberty, equal rights, and access to education. Socio-economic and political conditions sometimes put people in dire situations where they do not have access to such fundamental human needs. For such people, achieving their dreams is especially important, as the shattering of their dreams may lead to the shattering of their lives altogetherRead MoreLangston Hughes Dream Deferred Essay538 Words   |  3 Pages langston huges - dream defered After the Civil War won the black people their freedom, it seemed as though their dreams of great opportunities were finally going to come true. However, they were met by even more obstacles, which left the blacks to wonder if their dreams had any chance of occurring, or if they should just give up. In his poem, â€Å"Harlem,† Langston Hughes used increasingly destructive imagery to present his warning of what will happen if you delay working towards your goal. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hughes’Read MoreA Dream Deferred - the Poetry of Langston Hughes1647 Words   |  7 PagesThe poetry of Langston Hughes, the poet laureate of Harlem, is an effective commentary on the condition of blacks in America during the 20th Century. Hughes places particular emphasis on Harlem, a black area in New York that became a destination of many hopeful blacks in the first half of the 1900à ­s. In much of Hughes poetry, a theme that runs throughout is that of a dream deferred. The recurrence of adream deferred in several Hughes poems paints a clear picture of the disappointment and dismayRead MoreMontage Of A Dream Deferred By Langston Hughes946 Words   |  4 Pages Many of the poems within â€Å"Montage of a Dream Deferred† by Langston Hughes contain great meaning as well as emotion embedded within them. Whether they are 3 lines or 20 lines long, vivid images and explanations follow. The main focus of the series of poems are centralized on African Americans living in Harlem in the 20’s and on and their opposition from the rest. The motif in nearly all poems express discrimination, daily activities, and African American’s struggle for equality. Out of all poemsRead MoreEssay on The Transformation of a Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes694 Words   |  3 PagesIn Langston Hughes’ poem, A Dream Deferred, Hughes wonders what happens to a dream that does not come true. He writes, â€Å"Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode?† In A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry, Walter shows that his deferred dream does both. Early in the play, he shares his hopes and dreams for his family and their futu re with his young son, Travis. He imagines that earning his fortune will cure all the shortcomings and injustices in their lives. The limitations ofRead MoreAnalysis of Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes Essay617 Words   |  3 PagesDream Deferred A dream is a goal in life, not just dreams experienced during sleep. Most people use their dreams as a way of setting future goals for themselves. Dreams can help to assist people in getting further in life because it becomes a personal accomplishment. Langston Hughess poem Dream Deferred is speaks about what happens to dreams when they are put on hold. The poem leaves it up to the reader to decide what dream is being questioned. In the opening of the poem the speaker usesRead More Power of Langston Hughes Harlem (A Dream Deferred) Essay674 Words   |  3 PagesPower of Langston Hughes Harlem (A Dream Deferred) In our journey through life, we all have certain expectations of how we would like our lives to be. All of us strive to reach a certain level of self-actulization and acceptance. It could thus be said that all of us live a dream. Some of these individual dreams inevitably become the collective dream of many people. In Harlem (A Dream Deferred), Langston Hughes makes use of symbolism as well as powerful sensory imagery to show us the emotions

Abraham Lincoln Is He Really A Good President - 1136 Words

Abraham Lincoln: Is He Really A Good President? By the end of the Civil War, there were more than 620,000 casualties. Many believe this was thanks to Abraham Lincoln. About a month after he was elected president, many controversies started to stir in America, thus causing the Civil War began. From the mouth-dropping moment Abraham Lincoln was elected, he had been fighting for equality for all men, no matter the race. He believed. â€Å"those who deny freedom to others deserve it not for themselves.† When he was elected president, many people, including about all of the southern states, where against Abraham Lincoln. They claimed that he was the reason why all those deaths occur, and that he was racist, along with taking away liberties and abusing his power. Critics say that Abraham Lincoln was one of the worst presidents because he was the cause of the Civil War. However, After the election, a few southern states started to secede, Therefore causing the civil war. According to Debate.org, â€Å"Lincoln was an honest man clearly shown by his characteristic as a lawyer who refused to take on cases that would cause him to lie. Of modest origins he became the President and from thereon he was a great commander-in-chief and suceded where president Davis had failed. With his vision and leadership the union came out of the war victorious and the slaves freed.† So as you can see, he was a great leader in the times of need for his country, and he ended the war. Next, quoted by debate.org, oneShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln, By George Mcgovern Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pages In Abraham Lincoln, by George McGovern, McGovern summarizes and gives insight on one of the United States’ most well-known and highly praised presidents , Abraham Lincoln. McGovern thoroughly outlines Lincoln’s life, his struggles and how he became the great president that he was. One point McGovern continues to mention is how no matter how bad a situation was or even when people doubted Lincoln, he would take his defeats and preserve. In the beginning of the book, McGovern recounts Lincoln’sRead More Abraham Lincoln Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pages Abraham Lincoln Why I chose to research Abraham Lincoln’s life. Ever since I was a small boy in elementary school, and all throughout my grade school days, there were many great names that were spoken of and taught about. Names such as George Washington, (our first president) John Hancock, John Adams, and Mark Twain were among many others who contributed to the betterment of our great country, the United States of America. Yet there was one name that resounded in my classrooms, and in my earsRead MoreEssay on Abraham Lincoln and the Gettysburg Address1293 Words   |  6 Pagesabout. Names such as George Washington, (our first president) John Hancock, John Adams, and Mark Twain were among many others who contributed to the betterment of our great country, the United States of America. Yet there was one name that resounded in my classrooms, and in my ears. That name was Abraham Lincoln. As a child, I had heard of great things this man had done, and wonderful things he had said. Of the many great things said by Abraham Lincoln, I recall most vividl y the Gettysburg address, givenRead MoreEssay On John Wilkes Booth1453 Words   |  6 PagesAshlie Clark U.S. History Prof. Kearney Due: September 7th, 2017 The First U.S. President to Ever be Assassinated Many people view Abraham Lincoln as the best president our country has ever had and I for one, agree. Lincoln dedicated his life to this country, spending most of his political life campaigning against slavery, letting the country know that he was against everything it stood for. However, upon Abraham Lincolns inauguration, our nation divided itself. The election signaled the secessionRead MoreThe Gettysburg Address By President Abraham Lincoln1221 Words   |  5 Pagesspeech composed and addressed by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863, at the time of the political fight in Gettysburg Pennsylvania. At that time, Abraham Lincoln was the President of the United States. He was also the President who led America through the Civil War. During the Civil War, at Gettysburg, some soldiers died protecting the nation. This was mentioned in Lincoln’s speech, which was meant to be dedicated to the soldiers who died defending their people. He spoke of how a piece of land on EarthRead More The Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1614 Words   |  7 PagesScience 1100 Dr. Michael Petersen Abraham Lincoln I chose to do my research project on one of our presidents and the president I chose is Abraham Lincoln. I chose to do it on Lincoln because in my eyes and in the eyes of many other people, he was our nation s greatest president. He was considered our greatest president for everything he was and stood for and for all the things he did for our country. The first thing people should know about lincoln is that he did not grow up in a rich or famousRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1486 Words   |  6 PagesWhy is Abraham Lincoln such an amazing person? Who is he? What did he do to change America for the better? Almost everyone should know about Lincoln. Lincoln was not the man everyone thought was fit for the job, they all thought he was less than what he was. Lincoln showed them that he is one of the best presidents America has had. There is a chance America could still have slavery in the country if Lincoln did not step in and start to end slavery. Lincoln was a big part of this countries historyRead MoreThe Assassination Of President Abraham Lincoln Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican history in my opinion is the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. With no surprise I am writing about certain event that occurred leading up to, during, and after this unfortunate event. This historical event is clouded with conspiracy but I will try to avoid specifics of that particular view. Abraham Lincoln was born in a little town located within Hardin Country, Kentucky on February 12, 1809 (www.whitehouse.gov/abrahamlincoln). He grew up dirt poor and in my opinion could be consideredRead MoreAnalysis Of Chasing Lincoln s Killer 1188 Words   |  5 Pagesfocuses on John Wilkes Booth’s plan to assassinate the president along with the secretary of state and vice president, the actual assassinations in action, and Booth’s attempt to escape to the south, along with personal retellings of what happened by the people involved. 3. Swanson has been fascinated with the assassination of Lincoln since he was ten when his Grandma gave him an engraving of the pistol John Wilkes Booth used to kill Lincoln. Swanson now serves on the advisory council of the Ford’sRead MoreAbraham Lincoln: Great Emancipator or Common Politician?1487 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Abraham Lincoln has been revered as one of the greatest presidents in the history of the United States. He is known for his great effect on slavery and served his terms during the civil war in a time of great controversy. The American Civil War (1860-1865) occurred at the exact time of Lincolns presidency (1861-1865). The North and the South were divided and a big issue was slavery, on which Lincoln took an anti-slavery stance. Lincoln has been called many things because of his views from

Leadership In Action Free Essays

string(73) " naturally on the track of whether to consider a call successful or not\." A.   Introduction The paper to be shown herein particularly highlights the leadership skills of an IT Operation’s Team Chief in a Call Center Agency.   Call Centers are primarily known for assisting clients in facing troubleshooting issues with the client’s computer-operating procedures. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership In Action or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through a phone call from the client, the agents are able to connect themselves with the problem and thus be able to solve the issue though instructional details given over the phone towards the clients. The work of Call Center agents is most likely ranging from 24/7. This means that the shifting of schedules are reshuffled every now and then for the agents to be able to meet the 24-hour operation of the company. Indeed, seeing this situation, it could not be denied that this type of organization certainly needs an enthusiastic set of managers who are supposed to lead the tea, in getting the best results of the company while giving the clients the best service that they ought to receive.   In this particular manner, the author of this interview report decided to talk to one of the managers of the said Call Center Agency so as to be able to look deeper on how managers of the said type of organizations keep up with the challenges of meeting the different responsibilities left in their care which includes keeping up with business competition and empowering the workers in giving a quality performance for the entire organization. B.    Manager’s Basic Informations For the sake of privacy purposes, the manager noted here in would be referred to as â€Å"Mr. Team Chief†. The said individual agreed with the said title to be used in behalf of his identity to be able to cover his true name. He is among the ten other team chief managers of the IT operations management team. Like the others, he is assigned to a certain pool of agents whom he has to work with everyday. For at least two months, they are given the chance to empower a certain group, then after which they are transferred to other groups for the sake of establishing camaraderie among all the workers and inciting better motivational procedures to all the employees. (Goleman, 2000) Each pool of agents consists of at least 15 members each. The organization gives incentive to the agents who are able to reach an 80% performance level with the calls that he or she assists each wee. It is then the responsibility of the Operational Management’s Team Chief to help the employees reach this particular goal. Through assisting them with the difficulties of answering some of the most technical questions, the manager is able to give them the support that they need at work. However, the responsibility of a Team Chief does not end there. Aside from particularly supporting the team, he is also responsible for motivating them in a way that although the work id quite tiring, the agents would feel that what they are working for is all worth the efforts. Facing the different conflicts that the employees engage with every now and then is also left in the care of the team chief to resolve. C.   Organizational Behavior Management Section It has been mentioned earlier that the manager interviewed herein is held responsible for motivating, assisting and disciplining at least 15 call canter agents left in his care every time he goes to work. Not to mention that his job also requires him to possess a certain amount of considerable knowledge about IT operations, he also is accountable for having and applying sound judgment when several difficult situations arise. TO breakdown the topics on management that have been discussed by the author of this report with the manager, the following subtitles shall separate the issues basing from their impact on human behavior management procedures: People Motivation It is the company’s protocol to reward a call center agent who was able to reach at least 80% satisfaction on the calls that he or she received in a week. It is then the responsibility of the team chief to assist others in reaching that particular goal. To be able to do so, â€Å"Mr. Team Chief† said that he opt to have empowering meetings 15 minutes before each shift. Once he is on the floor, he makes it a point that he is not just staying in his sit but instead he roams around the work areas of his team and sees to it that they are simply doing the right thing, Once a successful call has been delivered by an agent, he never forgets to acknowledge them and give them commendation. He added that in this job, he learned that making the people feel that they are of great worth to the company and the hard work that they put forward for the organization is given high regard is much better than motivating them in terms of monetary allowances. Punishment and Policies Since the shift of the agents is reshuffled every now and then, the organization allows at least a lee-way of three minute on floor preparation before the actual job. This means that the time listed on the schedule sheet given to the agents are at least three minutes earlier than the actual hour of operation. Hence, there is no excuse for being late. However, there are at times those agents who simply cannot arrive early because of some circumstances. Hence, what he does is to allow them three times of being late then on the fourth, they are held form work for at least an hour away from their schedule, this way they would not be paid for the first hour of their job even though they would work. This is just among the policies that â€Å"Mr. Team Chief† deals with. He usually deals with this particular problem making it one of the most overused policies in his team. Decision Making The usual; decision made by Mr. Team Chief is naturally on the track of whether to consider a call successful or not. You read "Leadership In Action" in category "Essay examples" The 80% satisfaction in the customer service given by the agents to their clients is scaled by the managers themselves. There is not a machine-based program that determines this particular progressive report. Hence, it is in their discretion if they are to flag a certain call successful or a failure. This then subjects them to being highly objective, not being influenced by favoritism and is completely guided by the essence of professionalism in their job. (Collins, 2001). Facing Conflicts At some point, the employees get stuck with conflicts with each other, particularly because of their individual dispositions at work. Form this particular perspective, Mr. Team Chief tries it so hard to become much objective in listening to the disputes of the employees while trying to assess the roots of the problem. Once the root of the dispute has been resolved, the manager tries to fix the issue through helping the employees see the situation in each other’s perspectives, putting each other in other’s shoe on the aim of helping them see the situation in the implication of values depending on the personality of each employee. (Gottee, 2000) Pursuing the Breaking Ground for Teamwork It is very important to work as one towards one [particular goal for this type of organization. This is the reason why for the manager, it is important to understand what is it that actually empowers his people to work on their performance in giving their job the best shot that they could provide the clients and the organization as well.   (Brown, 2002) The Implication of Leadership Principles In the book Spiritual Dimension of Leadership, the authors of the said reading material deliver their points of views on how to develop the intellectual insight regarding and spiritual beliefs. Based on the achievements of the authors Dr Paul D Houston and Dr Stephen L Sokolow, their main points are to express by public education the true meaning of faith in leadership and how to become a more enlightened leader, by having a common purpose and common vision. Through the said book, they discussed their hopes and dreams for themselves as well as for the public education, for the different leaders and for the world. Their major goal is to build a strong public education that will help the children to easily enhance their skills, and to support the needs of the students primarily with regards the moral and spiritual values. Thru public education, the different kinds of beliefs can easily be discussed in formal and legal ways, and public education is the best opportunity to build different essential concepts that will connect the people within the human society. Another goal that these two authors frequently develop is the â€Å"Dimension of Leadership†, though leadership is a great privilege to a person who has the chance in having the skills needed for it, the authors define the exact value of what are the valuable insights that a perfect leader should have. Also the responsibilities of the leader, which should always be his major priority for the benefits of his community; this will lead to a wellness and successful organization in the society that he serves. Wise leadership in spiritual , moral, and educational program is one of the major keys in a certain country’s future success; it is the best way to create a fruitful result that can give hope to the citizens of a particular society. Moreover, in order to build and have better leadership status in the future, the authors of book entitled â€Å"Spiritual Dimension of Leadership† provide some important guidelines that will fit to the prospective leaders. They offer the eight key principles that can lead to a prospective leader to become a valuable and enlightened leader, it is important to discussed this eight key principle in order to understand and enlightened the important point of views on how to become a better leader and spiritual adviser to the societies and communities. These are the following guidelines that a prospective leader should have to seriously apply and understand carefully in order to empower his leadership. Intention- In leadership it is important to know what is the real intention of the leader in his activities and programs, because all the related activities that are usually directed by the leader and provided by the members will always reflect his physical and moral values. Attention- A true leader must always visualize the needs and benefits of his team; in order to develop a progressive idea the leader should always give his full attention to the programs and activities that are very beneficial to the community. Unique Gifts and Talents- Special skills and talents are God given gifts to every individual; it is also temporarily stored to human body, by building and developing a set of better programs and activities, leaders are extending their best to use their skills and intellectual thinking to provide a humanistic and unbiased leadership to his community. Gratitude- Leadership is not all about the giving of commands and duties, in order to achieve the main goal; an acting leader should have an interpersonal emotion, greater acceptance, and dipper appreciation for handling a serious obligation, also by receiving a lively sense of favors grateful acceptance is also required in order to have a better leadership practice application. Unique life lessons- Though leadership is always creating some comparisons, developing uniqueness is a big factor to create a better relationship towards other members, by using personal experience to provide a useful knowledge, â€Å"Unique life lessons† is a big contribution in having an enlightened leader. Holistic Perspective- This kind of principle is also required to inspire the members to also achieve their goals. By emphasizing the importance of the members in the society, through the implementations of the holistic perspective true leadership will be more effective. Openness- To achieve a wise leadership especially in education, openness is a big impact to create a better leadership. Leaders should always be open-minded in terms of the ideas and theories that are represented by the members of the public constituents. Any problems should seriously be discussed properly. Trust- The most important things that the leaders in spiritual and educational area should apply is trust, leaders should always create their different perspectives as well as the progressive idea on how to lead a certain group; however, trust is the major factor in continuously aiming and becoming a leader. However, trust remains to be the core reason needed for the leadership skill applications to be successful enough for the organizations being served. If the insights written within the pages of the book being discussed in here will always prevail within the society’s leaders, it could be easily expected that better days are ready to come ahead as the future generation of human civilization sprouts out to serve the different countries around the globe. The book indeed provides the most necessary inspiration that leaders need to posses in leading the nation or any other social organization, trust and knowledge that would lead to a more successful future and a more effective leading procedure. Conclusion From this particular presentation, it could be noted that managers are expected to deal with different arenas considering human resource empowerment as well as improving their performance level for the sake of establishing a fine reputation for the organization through the works of the agents. It is very much appealing how Mr. Team Chief insisted on the fact that what managers usually forget is that the motivation needed to fire up the interest of the workers in performing at their best is not at all times based on monetary measures. Sometimes, simply acknowledging them for a job well done already does the trick of motivating them to work well. The sincerity of the manager to help the employees bring out their best makes the essence of management a real gift to any business organization. Interviewee: Patrick Mendoza. (2007) Clientlogic Philippines. (Online Interview Through Chat Permission from the Clientlogic Administration). Loakan, Baguio City, Philippines. Further Readings: Collins, J. (2001). Level 5 leadership: the triumph of humility and fierce resolve. Harvard Business Review, 79(1), 67-76. Goffee, R. Jones, G. (2000). Why should anyone be led by you? Harvard Business Review, 78(5), 62-70. Goleman, D. (2000). Leadership that gets results. Harvard Business Review, 78(2), 79-90. Brown, L. M. (2002). Click here  to access a review of Kouzes and Posner’s book, The Leadership Challenge. Paul D. Houston , Stephen L. Sokolow. (2006). The Spiritual Dimension of Leadership: 8 Key Principles to Leading More Effectively. Corwin Press. How to cite Leadership In Action, Essay examples

Grant Proposal for Cultural and Linguistically- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theGrant Proposal for Cultural and Linguistically. Answer: Introduction Background The Cultural and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) women remain highly vulnerable to domestic violence. The suffer from language barriers, fear of authorities as well as social isolations thereby making the CALD one of the NSW one of the most vulnerable cohorts for domestic violence this increased stress, anxiety and Posttraumatic Disorder (PSTD). The lack of interpreters has even further compounded this problem among the at-risk women seeking the protections individually and by looming federal cuts threatening the ability of the domestic violence crisis service to access interpretation services. The CALD women further suffer due to the often danger that violence against women from diverse backgrounds remains simply dismissed and ignored as a foreign culture problem. Problem Statement The target population of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) women in NSW are shown to be disadvantaged in terms of mental healthcare and are among the group of people who are over represented and treated involuntarily or admitted for acute inpatient mental healthcare in hospitals around NSW. They are a population who are only likely to access mental health care when they become acutely and seriously unwell (Mental Health in Multicultural Australia, 2014) and the NHMRC of Australia states that a more effective response is needed if Australia is to meet the physical activity needs of CALD women in order to increase their mental health status, prevent mental illness and reduce the burden of disease (NHMRC, 2005) due to the high prevalence of the problem. Currently in NSW perinatal mental health of women from CALD backgrounds is a priority area as women are more likely to experience these conditions during pregnancy and the perinatal period the year following the birth of a baby. All pregnant women presenting to government health services in NSW are screened for mental illness, regardless of background or race. However, this is not enough and more needs to be done to provide culturally appropriate primary mental health services for CALD women throughout their lifecycle as too many are falling through the gaps and as a result have become an underserved population. It is also unacceptable that CALD women are underserved because Australia is a high income country where appropriate mental health care should be accessible to everyone. Mental health in Australia is a national health priority area (Dept of Finance, 2016) but resources arent being targeted efficiently or effectively to support people with mental illness, particularly the CALD population. Service providers are unanimous that more physical activity programs designed specifically for CALD women need to be provided and that existing services need to extend their reach in response to the needs of CALD women (Cristina M Caperchione, 2011). Purpose The purpose of this study is to use dance therapy as an intervention to provide a culturally suitable primary mental health services for the CALD women throughout their lifestyle to prevent them from falling through gaps which lead them to being underserved populace. It will further help target the resources in NSW efficiently and effectively to support the CALD women with mental illness, anxiety, stress and even PSTD. Thus it will specifically design a dance therapy program for CALD women in a manner that further extends the prevailing services to effectively respond to the CALD women needs thereby effectively reconnecting the CALD women population to the preferred sense of self and integrated values. Aim This study aims at getting a grant that will help establish a dance therapy program to help the suffering CALD women cope with mental illness, anxiety, stress, and even PSTD that have emerged from the violence they have faced in the past countries of origin and have continued to face in NSW despite having moved in to seek for safety and refuge. General Objective To establish the relationship between dance therapy and copying with trauma and mental illness Specific Objective To find out whether dance therapy can help effectively cope with PTSD and anxiety amongst the CALD women To establish whether dance therapy can help enhance quality of life, wellbeing, mood affect and body image among the CALD women Research Questions Can a dance program bring about a therapeutic positive outcome in response to overwhelming trauma and mental health issues? Significance of Study The study is significance because it focuses on helping the CALD women who have and continue to face challenges in NSW despite having gone there as a place to seek for safety and refugee. It aims at using the dance therapy as an intervention to offer the support needed by the women from CALD backgrounds to cope with mental illness, stress, anxiety and PSTD. In practical terms, CALD women need to be listened to in a confidential as well as non-judgmental context to be suitably supported/referred, as well as to receive info in an accessible style. In essence, this is exactly what this study aims at achieving. Behind its obvious simplicity, efficient service delivery remains deceptively compounded. CALD women survivors of sexual violence, torture or trauma could have limited abilities to speak to daily challenges of life including settlements, education, adjustment, and family, leave alone accessibility to therapeutic assistance. It could appear infeasible for CALD women to move on with their lives, especially where they gone beyond survival mode and have acquired freedom to connect with previous memories in a country that avails diverse levels of physical safety (Shepherd, 2016). The studies have shown that the initial step in helping and supporting the CALD background victims is to assist in coping with the psychological effects of living in such elongated uncertainty which this study seeks to do via dance therapy. Trauma memories remain flashbacks to eras which most violated personal integrity: The feelings, thoughts and physical sensations of the moment become re-experienced in the present. Such memories stay outside normal memory and are never incorporated with what the CALD women currently know. Accordingly, CADL women keep the guilt, anger, shame, fear, humiliation, helplessness, dissociation, horror fresh as well as alive. The CALD woman remains assaulted by them whenever a trauma memories intrude and this disconnects such women from reality of who they presently are. Thus this study will be significance amongst the CALD women as it seeks to focus at the reconnection of this population to the preferred sense of self alongside integrated values. This is because the dance therapists will be obliged to listen to the unspeakable to help the CALD women to unlock the trauma. This because the dance therapist will never refuse to listen because doing so would have the effect of maintaining the conspiracy of silence and stories remaining continuously unspoken. Thus, the therapist will greatly assist the CALD women by being aware of such issues of a responsible counselling or contact, self-care, self-awareness alongside capacity of sitting with CALD women at their individual pace and on their individual terms instead of those of practitioner. The dance therapist will also be aware of the need to understand the r elationship between logic of thinking and culture which remains pivotal, and be aware that if never attended to, could lead to severe misunderstandings as well as conflicts. Literature Review The ancient philosophy of the African Village is based on a very strong belief in inclusiveness where music and dance are highly regarded as forms of healing and are integrated to form part of everyday life (Meekums, 2005). The Round Hut Village Dance Program for Women is a simple: counsellor lead primary mental healthcare program that incorporates traditional dancing not only from Africa but from the various CALD backgrounds of the women participants. The program includes evidence based counselling and screening for domestic violence and mental illness, together with health education, health promotion and illness prevention which coincidentally are all activities of the philosophy of the African village traditions. Increased physical activity is well known as an enabler of health and wellbeing for women of all cultures (Cristina, 2011) and it is accepted that physical activity is associated with improved psychological wellbeing in that it reduces stress, anxiety and depression (Payn e, 2003). There is strong evidence that community participation is especially important when engaging with CALD consumers (Queensland Transcultural Mental Health Centre Multicultural Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing, 2006) and there are plenty of physical activity programs available in Sydney, ranging in price and provided by a range of government and non-government organizations. Some are offered free of cost or for a very small fee by local councils for eligible women, such as walking groups for new mothers, tai chi, and yoga. CALD women, however, may not even be aware of physical activity programs at all because they are marketed in English and many CALD women are illiterate in English. (Cristina M. Caperchione, 2009) Many CALD women are also illiterate in their own language even if programs were marketed in their language. (Cristina M Caperchione, 2011) The needs of CALD women vary and many physical activity programs are considered inappropriate for minority cultural groups for several reasons including; mainstream physical activities at gymnasiums are inappropriate because some CALD women cannot be in the same building as men when exercising and the exercises themselves are considered inappropriate. Access to programs is a barrier also with lack of transport and the expense involved with travelling and childcare costs was reported as the biggest barrier to attending physical activity programs. (Cristina M Caperchione, 2011) Problems with cold settings that inhibit the development of rapport, have been reported as a barrier. Methodology Research Design Formative research was undertaken to define the need for the program, to find potential solutions and explore feasibility of different intervention methods. A literature review of published studies and an analysis of possible interventions was carried out to guide the selection of specific interventions to be used for best practice to achieve change. Evidence of effectiveness already exists for all elements of the program. Theoretical underpinnings of counselling methods, physical activity programs, health education, and health screening have all been assessed as effective in community and other settings. The design of the program, the plan of the program, and the sequencing of the activities to achieve maximum effect are innovative. The proposed is comprehensive intervention design for The Round Hut Village Dance Program for Women is informed by the philosophy of African Village culture traditions whereby villagers were required to meet routinely once a week in the main Round Hut for mental health purposes as part of their way of life. A counsellor would lead the meetings and community members would tell the counsellor about any concerns or problems they were experiencing and the counsellor would recommend solutions and give advice (Jeong et al., 2005). Community members were also expected to help each other in terms of them having had the same, or similar, problems or concerns and who could relate to and help others through a shared experience model The traditions of the Round Hut Village culture are centuries old and there are no written records of village life but resident Africans in Australia attest to the model. Traditionally these regular meetings have three activities, carried out consecutively. Adherence to the structure of the meeting is a formal practice and an important feature of the African method to maintain wellbeing. The intervention is community based and counsellor lead and uses a behavior change model of health promotion combined with increasing physical activity through dance and music. Social activities such as sharing a meal and taking time to talk and listen with others in the community are an important part of the program (Chan, 2014). Working Hypothesis Dance therapy can help reduce anxiety and effectively help CALD women cope with PST Study area and Target Population The target population is the CALD women living in NSW. The CALD women are those female individuals from a range of different countries, races and ethnicities, who are speaking different languages and follow different political, religious, and philosophical beliefs in NSW. The women from CALD backgrounds have distinctly diverse needs as they live in Australian community. A great number of these women have witnessed violence in one way or the other including rape, sexual assault, civil unrest, war amongst other kinds of conflicts in their lifespan journey. Most of them have spent a great percentage of their time in detention camps or refugee camps that lead to physical, mental as well as sexual health conditions. Upon arrival in Australia, a convergence of variables enhances the risk of both physical and sexual violence for CALD women. Lack of support networks, community pressure, socio-economic disadvantage, and lack of knowledge regarding rights for victims top the list of such converging factors. The issues of planning to quit a relationship with a violent partner becomes a foolhardy undertaking as the issue of finance increasingly become paramount and even those CALD women sponsored to come to NSW/holding a visa with limited rights could lack access to health care/income support and hence ineligible to work whereas their applications for residence are under considerations. They are thus hesitant to report violence against them as a result of fear of deportation threat hence will remain agonizing the effects of PSTD, stress and anxiety. Many CALD women fear they could deported and face additional, and maybe enhanced, persecution. The lack of access to accurate info among the CALD women compounds such a fear. Thus, CALD women are increasingly vulnerable to exploitation sexually alongside added abuse in the absence of income and as a result of measure they have to take to simply survive. Some of the CALD women could be at extreme risks of sexual violence from even strategies due to cultural stereotyping or partake either forcible/willingly in promiscuity. They are also harassed in the labor force setting which genuinely pose continuing risks to both physical and psychological safety of CALD women already susceptible and probably traumatized. They have also cited an extra pressure to keep paid employment as a result of financial needs as well as tensions which financial issues could raise with spouses. Such a pressure further generates from the hurdle in landing a job as a result of discrimination, lack of experience, racism and limited English-language fluency. Within the broader social CALD women face discrimi nation and are always devalued as well as disempowered within the NSW societies in which they sought safety (LaVine, 2015). Sampling Technique The sampling technique adopted for this study was random sampling. The randomized control trials was used. The CALD women sample frame was all pregnant CALD women presenting to government health services in NSW who had been screened for mental illness, regardless of background or race. From this sample frame, 200 CALD women were recruited for the study. They included CALD women from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. A randomized control trial (RCT) was used to allocate these CALD women at random to receive the dance therapy intervention (Koch, Kunz, Lykou Cruz, 2014). There was a standard of comparison or control. The control was a standard practice, a placebo (dance therapy) and the other group had no intervention at all. The RCT was used because it enabled effective measurement and comparison of outcomes after the dance therapy participation receptions. Since the outcomes are measured this was a quantitative study. The RCT being a quantitative, comparative, controlled experiments enabled effective investigations of two interventions in a series of CALD women who receive such interventions in random manner. It was simplest and most powerful technique in this clinical research (Meekums, Karkou Nelson, 2015). Outcome Measures The outcome measures focused at comparing the behavior of the CALD women who receive the intervention (dance therapy) and those who never received the therapy, control group. This was based on reduction in anxiety, stress, PSTD and ability to cope with mental illnesses. Recruitment/ Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria The recruitment of the participants for this study was based on the sample frame of all pregnant CALD women drawn all pregnant CALD women presenting to government health services in NSW who had been screened for mental illness, regardless of background or race. The participants would only be included in the study if they were CALD women, they had been screened for mental illness and had not participated in dance therapy in the past. They would otherwise been excluded if they had participated in the dance therapy before, if they were not pregnant and if they had not been screened for mental illness (Scharoun, Reinders, Bryden Fletcher, 2014). The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) was instrumental in helping know the classification of the mental illness. By using DSM-5 enabled the identification of various classification of mental illness as it incorporated all the updated changes based on diagnostic criteria and codes (Flood Peretz, 2016). Discussion The family and environment greatly impacts on the ability of the mentally ill CALD women to cope. Those women who still face problems in their marriage even after undergoing through violence experience in their countries of origin have more severe PSTD, anxiety and stress and this prolongs the healing process (DiGiacomo, Green, Rodrigues, Mulligan Davidson, 2015). On the other hand, those CALD women who have working relationships with their partners after marriage are able to heal faster as they no experience does not resurface frequently when they have a peaceful family. The safer environment will promote the loss of bad memories amongst the CALD women unlike the unsafe environment with continued forms of violence. The CALD women expect that the country in which they seek safety will be safer than their countries of origin and hence if this hold, then they are able to reconnect effectively. The motional, abuse, sexual or domestic violence, and neglect have been rampant amongst the CALD women both in their countries of origin and in NSW where they have sought safety and refuge. The abuse of CALD women persist even in NSW because of several factors including the fear of deportation and lack of awareness of their rights, financial hurdles and even discrimination at workplaces. Thus these women do not report their continued violence and neglect because they want to survive. The result is that CALD women remain trapped in endless anxiety, stress, and PSTD and un-healed mental illness (Hildebrandt, Koch Fuchs, 2016). There was an apparent difference in CALD womens behaviors before and after dance therapy (expressive) based control and intervention groups. CALD women who received the intervention had a therapeutic positive outcome in response to overwhelming trauma and mental health issues unlike those in the control group. For example, CALD women who received the therapy reported reduced anxiety, stress and PSTD. They indicated that they were then able to cope with their mental illness and that they had known their rights and would no longer fear of being deported when they report the violence, discrimination, neglect and sexual abuse against them. On the other hand, the CALD women in the control showed no positive behavior change and were still trapped in anxiety, stress and inability to cope well with their mental illness (Peled, Shpunt, Manor, Brozgol, Ezra, Hezi Gurevich, 2016). From the interventions outcome, it is clear that dance therapy can be used to trigger a therapeutic positive outcome in response to overwhelming trauma and mental health issues. Thus, it will be used if this program is fully funded to prevent other problems like depressions, self-harm, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, reducing physical illness, increases interactions with family and friends, improved life style, reduces PTSD. The program will use CBT, DBT, and DSM 5 focusing on directly on the underlying causes of such additional problems in a proactive manner to prevent them amongst the CALD women (Serlin, 2010). This is based on the realization that when anxiety strikes, the response accorded to it is crucial in determining the further problems that ensue. Turning on the music and dance has been cited as one that might seem far-fetched, yet psychologists and therapists have cited it as being effective response. As one dance, he will be witnessing release, self-expression and frequently, joy (Flood, 2013). Thus treatment of anxiety by therapists have sorted to dance therapy as a potential to act as an efficient and effective treatment for anxiety as dance can bot h be an outlet for creativity and a mechanism of accessing a peaceful minds state (Chang, 2015). Therapist uses dance as expressive movement and breathing thereby deflating hyper-aroused thoughts stopping CALD women from thinking about outrageous experiences (Chaiklin Wengrower, 2015). Dance movement thus brings anxious CALD women back to a more primitive, and subsequently, more liberated state of mind. It triggers CALD womens thoug ht to simplify, to focus on their bodies as well as their movement rather than of more compounded life stressors (Chaiklin Wengrower, 2015). The goal of Dance therapy treatment and approaches including reduction in symptoms of anxiety, depression, self-harm thus will help CALD women to cope with severe anxiety, mental and physical trauma, depression as well as substance dependence. The therapist will guide the CALD women via well-structured improvisational body movement. This implies, whereas CALD women are never limited to a stringent routine, they are guided towards body awareness, body image exercises, inner focus work, circle dances as well as tension alongside release exercises. Thus movements are the major assessment as well as mode of dance therapy interventions (Caperchione, Kolt, Tennent Mummery, 2011). The treatment-for stability and rehabilitation will thus follow as the participants will receive the therapy in a continual manner and this with time will help them recover from mental illness, anxiety and even PSTD. Other medical treatment will ensure specific to DSM-5 classification of mental illness and treatment amongst the CALD women based on this program free of charge once the fund is given to increase healthcare access (Koch, Mehl, Sobanski, Sieber Fuchs, 2015). In regards to Public policy-in research trauma, dance therapy can be restorative experience when dealing with CALD women PTSD alongside other kinds of trauma. It will provide mechanisms with which the therapist will test reality, to be more grounded, to reach otherwise lost positive body memories, and above all, reclaim CALD womens own bodies. However, there are specific group that can benefit from dance movement therapy healing powers (Bradt, Shim Goodill, 2015). In respect of the dance program (expression), various studies have affirmed that dance movement therapy has been affirmed to reduce anxiety among CALD women with shy demeanors and who need a little extra assistance arising from their shells including those agonizing from depression and anxiety in social contexts. The dance therapy has enhanced self-expression and confidence in CALD women who are socially anxious, eventually boosting their ability to feel increasingly comfortable in contexts that encompass interactions with others (Karkou Meekums, 2014). The creative dance movement therapies have been shifting CALD womens focus alongside regulating and controlling overwhelming emotions as well as thoughts-particularly for CALD women struggling with PSTD as it improves awareness of bodies and emotions. Thus, therapy-difference in persons behavior and personal state of mind and body will greatly save money for the government (Allimant Ostapiej-Piatkowski, 2011). This is because the pe rsonality saves money for government as CALD women will be effectively and efficiently cared for in groups rather than costly individualized-centeredness therapeutics. It is upon this background that this proposal for grant needs to be approved as based on the budget already drawn as capture in the appendix. This grant award will not only benefit the CALD women, but will also save money for the government. It is thus my humbled prayer that this grant be awarded as the cost-benefit anlysis validates that it has more benefits than costs. References Allimant, A., Ostapiej-Piatkowski, B. (2011). Supporting women from CALD backgrounds who are victims/survivors of sexual violence. Australian Centre for the Study of Sexual Assault (ACSSA) Wrap, (9). Bradt, J., Shim, M., Goodill, S. W. (2015). Dance/movement therapy for improving psychological and physical outcomes in cancer patients. The Cochrane Library. Caperchione, C. M., Kolt, G. S., Tennent, R., Mummery, W. K. (2011). Physical activity behaviours of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) women living in Australia: a qualitative study of socio-cultural influences. BMC Public Health, 11(1), 26. Chaiklin, S., Wengrower, H. (Eds.). (2015). The art and science of dance/movement therapy: Life is dance. Routledge. Chan, G. (2014). Cross-cultural music therapy in community aged-care: A case vignette of a CALD elderly woman. The Australian Journal of Music Therapy, 25, 92-102. Chang, M. H. (2015). 16 Cultural Consciousness and the Global Context of Dance/Movement Therapy. The art and science of dance/movement therapy: Life is dance, 317. DiGiacomo, M., Green, A., Rodrigues, E., Mulligan, K., Davidson, P. M. (2015). Developing a gender-based approach to chronic conditions and womens health: a qualitative investigation of community-dwelling women and service provider perspectives. BMC women's health, 15(1), 105. Flood, M. (2013, April). Engaging men from diverse backgrounds in preventing mens violence against women. In Stand Up! National Conference on Eliminating All Forms of Violence Against CaLD Women (pp. 29-30). Flood, M., Peretz, T. (2016). Involving men in ending vio-lence against women: Facing challenges and making change. Graduate Journal of Social Science, 12(3), 12-29. Hildebrandt, M. K., Koch, S. C., Fuchs, T. (2016). We Dance and Find Each Other 1: Effects of Dance/Movement Therapy on Negative Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Behavioral Sciences, 6(4), 24. Jeong, Y. J., Hong, S. C., Lee, M. S., Park, M. C., Kim, Y. K., Suh, C. M. (2005). Dance movement therapy improves emotional responses and modulates neurohormones in adolescents with mild depression. International Journal of Neuroscience, 115(12), 1711-1720. Karkou, V., Meekums, B. (2014). Dance movement therapy for dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3. Koch, S. C., Mehl, L., Sobanski, E., Sieber, M., Fuchs, T. (2015). Fixing the mirrors: A feasibility study of the effects of dance movement therapy on young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Autism, 19(3), 338-350. Koch, S., Kunz, T., Lykou, S., Cruz, R. (2014). Effects of dance movement therapy and dance on health-related psychological outcomes: A meta-analysis. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 46-64. LaVine, S. B. (2015). Dance Movement Therapy. Meekums, B. (2005). Dance movement therapy. Meekums, B., Karkou, V., Nelson, A. (2015). Dance movement therapy for depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2), 1-54. Payne, H. (2003). Dance movement therapy: Theory and practice. Routledge. Peled, R., Shpunt, D., Manor, Y., Brozgol, M., Ezra, A., Hezi, N., ... Gurevich, T. (2016). Multidisciplinary group program integrating voice and dance movement therapy for Parkinson's disease patients: Preliminary experience. Movement Disorders, 31, S251. Scharoun, S. M., Reinders, N. J., Bryden, P. J., Fletcher, P. C. (2014). Dance/movement therapy as an intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 36(2), 209-228. Serlin, I. A. (2010). Dance/movement therapy. Corsini encyclopedia of psychology. Shepherd, S. (2016). Criminal engagement and Australian culturally and linguistically diverse populations: Challenges and implications for forensic risk assessment. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 23(2), 256-274.